خلفيات الصراعات الإثنية في نيجيريا

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بشير شايب

Résumé

ظل العامل الإثنى يمارس تأثيرا ضارا على كافة مخططات الاستقرار والتنمية فى نيجيريا منذ الاستقلال، إلا أن تأثير التعددية الاثنية لم ينبع من التعدد فى حد ذاته ولكن فى ربط هذا العامل بمحددات سياسية واقتصادية عملت على تجذر الانقسامات الاثنية بل وتطابقها مع انقسامات أخرى سياسية واقتصادية وإقليمية ودينية، مما زاد من تعقيد المشهد النيجيرى فى ظل وجود أكثر من 250 جماعة اثنية متعددة الديانات واللغات. لقد عانت نيجيريا منذ الاستقلال من مشكلة الاندماج الوطني حيث تعلو الولاءات مادون الوطنية (الاثنية والدينية والإقليمية) على الولاء الوطنى، كما ارتبطت هذه المشكلة خلال السنوات الأخيرة بظاهرة الإحياء والصحوة الدينية التى تشهدها مناطق مختلفة فى العالم والتي جعلت اللجوء إلى "الدين" يمثل ملجأ أساسيا للكثيرين لمواجهة العديد من التحديات على المستويات الفردية والجماعية.

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Details de l'article

Rubrique
African Studies

Références

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