Belgium Department of Ethnic-Linguistic Diversity - Reading in Experience
Main Article Content
Abstract
The article below deals with one of the questions that have a relation with the form of internal relations between the human tissues of the State, it is the question of ethnic diversity and multilingualism in a State.
The Belgian model on the European continent is one of these models, where they live within this country of different ethnic groups (German, French and Dutch), in addition to the essential state of the linguistic aspect, so as the Constitution and to adopt a legal set of official languages: (German, French and Dutch).
Excellence in the face of the Belgian model is the capacity of the State to shape political conditioning, and the adoption of the federal system to contain this diversity and multilingualism, and the adoption of constitutional and legal mechanisms to manage it.
key words: federal system, multilingualism, diversity, constitutional, mechanisms
Downloads
Article Details
Copyright commitment
An article submitted for publication in the AJPS Journal
Please read our copyright terms carefully
The manuscript of this research submitted to the african journal of political sciences has never been published.
- This manuscript may not be published in whole or in part by any other party, whether in a scientific journal, journalistic or any other medium.
- We agree to publish the manuscript in the journal by any means, whether printed, electronic or any other means, and to transfer the right of publication to the journal.
- The information in the manuscript is from our author / author and my contribution / contribution to the research is substantial
- I reviewed / reviewed the final version of the manuscript and we bear the legal and moral responsibility for what may appear in the search.
- Whoever co-authored this work, his name was mentioned with the group of authors and no one was denied.
References
- Federal federal rule and the suppression of ethnic strife, the website of the Enlightenment Center for Studies, is available at the following link:
http://tanweer.sd/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi?itemid=100, page visit date: 01/25/2012
- Dandan Abdel-Ghani (2010), Ethnic Conflicts in International Relations, paper presented at the National Forum on State Policies Against Ethnic Groups, organized by the Department of Political Science, University of Guelma, Algeria, 28-29 April 2010, p. 19.
- Ibid., P. 19.
- “Ethnie”, Dans: Site de Ressources pour la paix, Disponible sur l’URL Suivant:
http://www.irenees.net/fr/fiches/notions/fiche-notions-67.html, Page visitée le 20/02/2011
- Dandan Abdel-Ghani, a reference previously mentioned, pp. 19-20.
- Steve Fenton, “ETHNICITY”, 2 édion. USA: Polity Press, Malden, 2010, P 01.
- Mickael VAILLANT, Race et culture. Les sciences sociales face au racisme, Thèse de Doctorat en sciences politiques, Institut d’études politiques de Paris: 2006, p 59
- Ibid, P 242
- Riad Meziane, conceptual rooting for the ethnic phenomenon, ”paper presented in: The National Forum on State Policies in the Face of Ethnic Groups, Organized by: Department of Political Science, Qalmah University, 28-29 April 2010, p. 64.
- Pierre Renovan and John Baptiste, An Introduction to the History of International Relations, translation. I want you to engrave, 3rd floor. Beirut: Aouidat Publications, 1989, p. 243.
- The same source.
- Ahmed Wahban, Ethnic Conflicts and the Stability of the Contemporary World, A Study of Minorities, Groups, and Ethnic Movements, Alexandria, Egypt: New University Publishing House, 2001, p. 74
- The official website of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), available at the following link:
http://www.unesco.org/ar/external-relations/external-relation/donors-partners/unescos-main-donors-and-partners/bilateral-government-donors/donor-profiles/belgium/&sa=U&ei= fhORTfTdIIjAhAfLmLmWD, page visit date 20/20/2011.
- Basem Ali Khreisan, the Belgian political system, at: the website of the Iraqi Independent High Electoral Commission, is available at the following link:
www.ihec-iq.com/en, page visit date 20/20/2011.
- The official website of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), a reference previously mentioned.
- Federalist rule and quelling ethnic strife, op.
- ibid.
- Royaume de Belgique, Constitution de Février 1831, Titre Ier, Article 01.
- Ibid, Article 02.
- Ibid, Article 03.
- “Royaume de Belgique”, Dans: Encyclopédie Collective, Disponible sur l’URL suivant ::
http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/belgique, Page web visitée le: 01/03/2011.
- Idem.
- The official website of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), a reference previously mentioned.
- - “Royaume de Belgique”, Op. cit.
- Royaume de Belgique, Constitution de Février 1831, Titer Ier, Article 05.
- Idem.
- The official website of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), aforementioned reference.
- «Royaume de Belgique», Op. cit.
- Royaume de Belgique, Constitution de Février 1831, Titre Ier, Article 04.
- Mark van der Holst (2006), “From a unified state to a federal state: sharing responsibilities in Belgium”, paper presented at the International Conference: Building a Single Iraqi State - Federal Options and Dealing with Diversity, organized by the Jordanian government, Amman , 21 and 22 September 2006, p. 05.
- ibid., P. 03.
- The same source.
- Basem Ali Khreisan, a reference previously mentioned.
- Marc van der Holst (2006), op. Cit., P. 09.
- “Royaume de Belgique”, Op. cit.
- Royaume de Belgique, Constitution de Février 1831, Titre III, Chapitre IV, Section Ière, Sous section II, Article 122.
- Ibid, Sous section Ière, Article 115.
- Ibid, Article 116.
- Ibid, Article 117.
- Ibid, Article 121.
- Ibid, Article 130.
- Ibid, Article 129.
- Marc van der Holst (2006), op. Cit., P. 16.
- Basem Ali Khreisan, op. Cit.
- Luis Villoro, Luis Villoro, “Quelle démocratie”, In: Chérif Bassiouni (Rapporteur général), La démocratie: principes et réalisation, (PP 97-105), Genève, Suisse: L’union parlementaire, 1998, P 103.
- Souad Hafaf, a reference previously mentioned, p. 128. About: Stephen Ryan, Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict, in: Issues in Global Politics, United Arab Emirates: Gulf Research Center, 2004, p. 194